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GLACIORISK EUROPEAN PROJECT
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France (CEMAGREF,
ETNA,
ONF-RTM,
LGGE-CNRS), Italy (CNR-IRPI,
SMS/Nimbus), Norway (UOSLO,
NVE),
Iceland (UI
(IS)), Austria (DGGS),
Switzerland (VAW-ETHZ) |
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GLACIER "CEVEDALE"
Risk type: glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket)
Glacier list |
Statistics
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| Type: |
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| Country: |
Italy |
| Region: |
Alto Adige |
| Massif/Ice Cap: |
Gruppo Ortles-Cevedale |
| Municipality: |
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| Municipality code: |
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| Location: |
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| Latitude (°, cent): |
N |
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| Longitude (°, cent): |
E |
| Surface (km2): |
3,2 |
| Lenght (km): |
3,7 |
| Width (km): |
0,8 |
| Min. altitude (m): |
2635 |
| Max. altitude (m): |
3700 |
| Orientation (°) |
90 |
| Slope (°) |
9 |
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EVENT: Date
1/6/1895
- Date quality: |
 |
| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
Emptying of the ice-dammed lake (Martello Ice Lake). |
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Effects: |
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| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Between 1892 and 1893 the proposed retention dam was built approximately 1 km below the Cevedale glacier, at 2300 m of altitude, planned by ing. Geppert. The dam was 330 m long and had a maximum height of 15 m, allowing for retention of 700.000 m3 (until 1.000.000 m3 ?) of water. A tunnel was blasted through a rock abutment to serve as a spillway. The building was similar to another one built in Ridanna valley about 100 years before. The structure served its purposes during this event, and the valley below had not any damage.
After this series of ice floods the Cevedale glacier withdrew from the bottom of the valley and the Martell Ice Lake disappeared.
During 1920's the structure was strengthened by italian "Genio Civile". |
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DAMAGES |
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| Type: |
None |
Description: |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Dalla Valle G. B., 1929 - Lavori di sistemazione e stabilizzazione di una diga di ritenuta nella regione del ghiacciaio del Cevedale. Giornale del Genio Civile, p. 492 |
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Eisbacher G. H. & Clague J. J., 1984 - Destructive mass mouvements in high mountains: hazard and management. Geol. Survey Canada, Paper 84-16, pp.230. |
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Secchieri F., 1985 - Guida per l'escursione glaciologica in Val Martello (Gruppo Ortles-Cevedale). 1) Appunti sul glacialismo della Val Martello. Geogr. Fis. Dinam. Quat., 8, 205-207. |
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EVENT: Date
17/6/1891
- Date quality: |
|
| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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|
| Description |
The lake, now closely monitored, rose again at a rate of 1 to 2 m a day. Finally, on June 17th, alarm shots were fired at the mouth of the subglacial conduit announcing the burst of some 700.000 m3 of water through the collapsing gap of the ice barrier.
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Effects: |
In the hamlet of Gand people had just removed their most precious belongings from their homes when the frontal wall of rocks, trees and water approached the settlement with a frightful roar. The abandoned buildings were completely demolished. Thanks to the evacuation of all the villlages below the glacier, with smoke-alarm, there were no victims. |
| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
|
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DAMAGES |
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| Type: |
Buildings |
Description: |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Eisbacher G. H. & Clague J. J., 1984 - Destructive mass mouvements in high mountains: hazard and management. Geol. Survey Canada, Paper 84-16, pp.230. |
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Richter E., 1893 - Schwankungen der Gletscher der Ostalpen Zeitschrift des Deutschen und Österreichischen Alpenvereins |
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Secchieri F., 1985 - Guida per l'escursione glaciologica in Val Martello (Gruppo Ortles-Cevedale). 1) Appunti sul glacialismo della Val Martello. Geogr. Fis. Dinam. Quat., 8, 205-207. |
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EVENT: Date
5/6/1889
- Date quality: |
|
| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
A newly formed ice-dammed lake burst in the morning of June 5th 1889. Approximately 600.000 m3 of water rushed through the subglacial tunnel and the lake was empty within half an hour; again the frontal wave of the flood changed into a debris-laden surge. After the catastrophe the glaciologist Richter calculated an outburst of 630.000 m3 in less than an hour (the glaciologist Finsterwalder calculated an outburst of 711.000 m3), with a rate of 37 m3/s and a pressure of 7 atm. Within 7 hours the flood reached Adige valley.
The outburst of 700000 cubic meters from an ice-dammed lake caused the desctruction of some buildings. |
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Effects: |
Damage to structures was twice as serious as during the preceding flood and two lives were lost. |
| Deaths(#) |
2 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Richter suggested the installation of a signal service and urged the regional government to erect a retention dam below the Cevedale glacier snout. Although the funds for this undertaking were approved quickly, local disputes over the supposed mechanism of the ice-floods prevented an immediate start of construction. |
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DAMAGES |
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| Type: |
Buildings |
Description: |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
|
|
Eisbacher G. H. & Clague J. J., 1984 - Destructive mass mouvements in high mountains: hazard and management. Geol. Survey Canada, Paper 84-16, pp.230. |
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Richter E., 1893 - Schwankungen der Gletscher der Ostalpen Zeitschrift des Deutschen und Österreichischen Alpenvereins |
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Secchieri F., 1985 - Guida per l'escursione glaciologica in Val Martello (Gruppo Ortles-Cevedale). 1) Appunti sul glacialismo della Val Martello. Geogr. Fis. Dinam. Quat., 8, p. 205-207. |
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EVENT: Date
16/6/1888
- Date quality: |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
Emptying of ice-dammed lake. Water drained suddenly through a natural tunnel underneath the ice of Vedretta del Cevedale. |
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Effects: |
Picking up loose bouldery debris below the ice dam, the raging flood waters ripped most of the bridges in the valley off their foundations. Fortunately, the roaring sound of the approaching debris flood alerted the inhabitants of the valley and they were able to take refuge on high ground before the frontal wave struck their homes. |
| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
|
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DAMAGES |
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| Type: |
Roads |
Description: |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Eisbacher G. H. & Clague J. J., 1984 - Destructive mass mouvements in high mountains: hazard and management. Geol. Survey Canada, Paper 84-16, pp.230. |
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Richter E., 1893 - Schwankungen der Gletscher der Ostalpen Zeitschrift des Deutschen und Österreichischen Alpenvereins, XXIV, p. 479 |
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EVENT: Date
/6/1887
- Date quality: |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
Emptying of ice-dammed lake formed by water from Vedretta Lunga and dammed by the frontal tongue of Vedretta del Cevedale (that reached the talweg of Martello valley just below Vedretta Lunga). |
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Effects: |
|
| Deaths(#) |
0 |
|
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
|
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DAMAGES |
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| Type: |
None |
Description: |
|
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
|
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Secchieri F., 1985 - Guida per l'escursione glaciologica in Val Martello (Gruppo Ortles-Cevedale). 1) Appunti sul glacialismo della Val Martello. Geografia fisica e dinamica quaternaria. N.8, p.205-207 |
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EVENT: Date
//
- Date quality:1127? |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
|
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| Description |
Emptying of an ice-dammed lake. |
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Effects: |
A debris flow destroyed Morter village (Venosta valley). |
| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
|
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DAMAGES |
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| Type: |
Buildings |
Description: |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
|
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Eisbacher G. H. & Clague J. J., 1984 - Destructive mass mouvements in high mountains: hazard and management. Geol. Survey Canada, Paper 84-16, pp.230. |
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