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GLACIORISK EUROPEAN PROJECT
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France (CEMAGREF,
ETNA,
ONF-RTM,
LGGE-CNRS), Italy (CNR-IRPI,
SMS/Nimbus), Norway (UOSLO,
NVE),
Iceland (UI
(IS)), Austria (DGGS),
Switzerland (VAW-ETHZ) |
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WELCOME TO GRIDABASE, GLACIER RISKS DATA BASE :
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GLACIER "SKAFTĮRJÖKULL"
Risk type: glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket)
Glacier list |
Statistics
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| Type: |
Outlet glacier |
| Country: |
Iceland |
| Region: |
South Iceland |
| Massif/Ice Cap: |
Vatnajökull |
| Municipality: |
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| Municipality code: |
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| Location: |
This Outlet Glacier of the Ice cap Vatnajökull (8100 km2) is flowing south west. Glacial risk from Skaftįrkatlar, two subglacial cauldrons, situated northwest of the glacier. The western cauldron "Vestri Skaftįrketill" (64°30“N,17°37“W, located in the Drainage Basin of WGI IS4V00116a) is the smaller one. The eastern cauldron is larger (64°29“N, 17°31“W, located in the Drainage Basin of WGI IS4V00116a). |
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| Latitude (°, cent): |
64.272 |
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| Longitude (°, cent): |
17.953 |
| Surface (km2): |
150 |
| Lenght (km): |
35 |
| Width (km): |
6 |
| Min. altitude (m): |
740 |
| Max. altitude (m): |
1670 |
| Orientation (°) |
230 |
| Slope (°) |
1.5 |
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EVENT: Date
17/9/2002
- Date quality:Duration: 10 days |
 |
| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
The jökulhlaup originated from the larger, eastern Skaftįr cauldron. Jökulhlaups from the subglacial cauldrons of Skaftįr flow a distance of 40 km beneath the outlet glaciers of Tungnaįrjökull and than Skaftįrjökull to the terminus where the water reaches river Skaftį. |
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Effects: |
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| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Peak discharge: 689 m3/s (582 m3/s without the base discharge). Total volume: 267 Gl.
Collection of meltwater since the last jökulhlaup: 6,4 Gl/month. |
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DAMAGES |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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EVENT: Date
8/7/2002
- Date quality:Duration: 8 days
Duration: 8 days |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
The jökulhlaup originated from the smaller, western Skaftįr cauldron. Jökulhlaups from the subglacial cauldrons of Skaftįr flow a distance of 40 km beneath the outlet glaciers of Tungnaįrjökull and than Skaftįrjökull to the terminus where the water reaches river Skaftį. |
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Effects: |
Jökulhlaups from the western cauldron have occurred frequently during the last decades, in average every second year. Typical values were a total volume of 100-300 Gl, with a peak discharge of 200-600 m3/s. |
| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Peak discharge: 720 m3/s (620 m3/s without the base discharge). Total volume: 287 Gl.
Collection of meltwater since the last jökulhlaup: 7,0 Gl/month. |
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DAMAGES |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Zóphónķasson, Snorri, 2002 - Rennsli ķ Skaftįrhlaupum 1955-2002 Orkustofnun (National Energy Authority), Greinagerš SZ-2002/01 |
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EVENT: Date
11/8/2000
- Date quality:Duration: 7 days |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
The jökulhlaup originated from the larger, eastern Skaftįr cauldron. Jökulhlaups from the subglacial cauldrons of Skaftįr flow a distance of 40 km beneath the outlet glaciers of Tungnaįrjökull and than Skaftįrjökull to the terminus where the water reaches river Skaftį. |
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Effects: |
Just 6 days before this flood started, there was a jökulhlaup from the western cauldron (Duration: 5-10.august, peak discharge: 699 m3/s, total volume: 223 Gl.) |
| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Jökulhlaup from the eastern cauldron: Peak discharge: 1240 m3/s (1083 m3/s without the base discharge). Total volume: 365 Gl. Collection of meltwater since the last jökulhlaup: 6,1 Gl/month. |
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DAMAGES |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Zóphónķasson, Snorri, 2002 - Rennsli ķ Skaftįrhlaupum 1955-2002 Orkustofnun (National Energy Authority), Greinagerš SZ-2002/01 |
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EVENT: Date
25/7/1995
- Date quality:Duration: 10 dagar |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
The jökulhlaup originated from the larger, eastern Skaftįr cauldron. Jökulhlaups from the subglacial cauldrons of Skaftįr flow a distance of 40 km beneath the outlet glaciers of Tungnaįrjökull and than Skaftįrjökull to the terminus where the water reaches river Skaftį. |
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Effects: |
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| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Peak discharge: 1994 m3/s (1759 m3/s without the base discharge). Total volume: 559 Gl.
This measurements give the total discharge and volume of all rivers concerned: Skaftį, Hverfisfljót and Djśpa.
Collection of meltwater since the last jökulhlaup: 10,5 Gl/month. |
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DAMAGES |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Zóphónķasson, Snorri, 2002 - Rennsli ķ Skaftįrhlaupum 1955-2002 Orkustofnun (National Energy Authority), Greinagerš SZ-2002/01 |
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EVENT: Date
17/7/1989
- Date quality:Duration: 6 days |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
The jökulhlaup originated from the larger, eastern Skaftįr cauldron. Jökulhlaups from the subglacial cauldrons of Skaftįr flow a distance of 40 km beneath the outlet glaciers of Tungnaįrjökull and than Skaftįrjökull to the terminus where the water reaches river Skaftį. |
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Effects: |
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| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Peak discharge: 1288 m3/s (1159 m3/s without the base discharge). Total volume: 354 Gl.
Collection of meltwater since the last jökulhlaup: 8,4 Gl/month. |
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DAMAGES |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Zóphónķasson, Snorri, 2002 - Rennsli ķ Skaftįrhlaupum 1955-2002 Orkustofnun (National Energy Authority), Greinagerš SZ-2002/01 |
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EVENT: Date
28/11/1986
- Date quality:Duration: 6 days |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
The jökulhlaup originated from the larger, eastern Skaftįr cauldron. Jökulhlaups from the subglacial cauldrons of Skaftįr flow a distance of 40 km beneath the outlet glaciers of Tungnaįrjökull and than Skaftįrjökull to the terminus where the water reaches river Skaftį. |
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Effects: |
It is not unlikly that this jökulhlaup was in connection with a small subglacial volcanic eruption in the cauldron. |
| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Peak discharge: 1308 m3/s (1290 m3/s without the base discharge). Total volume: 247 Gl.
Collection of meltwater since the last jökulhlaup: 8,5 Gl/month. |
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DAMAGES |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Björnsson, H. and Einarsson, P., 1990 - Volcanous beneath Vatnajökull, Iceland: Evidence from radio echo-sounding, earthquakes and jökulhlaups. Jökull 40 |
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Zóphónķasson, Snorri, 2002 - Rennsli ķ Skaftįrhlaupum 1955-2002 Orkustofnun (National Energy Authority), Greinagerš SZ-2002/01 |
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EVENT: Date
18/8/1984
- Date quality:Duration: 7 days |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
The jökulhlaup originated from the larger, eastern Skaftįr cauldron. Jökulhlaups from the subglacial cauldrons of Skaftįr flow a distance of 40 km beneath the outlet glaciers of Tungnaįrjökull and than Skaftįrjökull to the terminus where the water reaches river Skaftį. |
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Effects: |
This was the largest jökulhlaup from the Eastern Cauldron since 1950. |
| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Peak discharge: 1560 m3/s (1426 m3/s without the base discharge). Total volume: 411 Gl.
Collection of meltwater since the last jökulhlaup: 10,8 Gl/month. |
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DAMAGES |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Sigurdsson, O., Snorrason, Į. and Zóphónķasson, S., 1992 - Jökulhlaupaannįll 1984-1988 (Summery of Jökulhlaups 1984-1988) Jökull 42 |
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Zóphónķasson, Snorri, 2002 - Rennsli ķ Skaftįrhlaupum 1955-2002 Orkustofnun (National Energy Authority), Greinagerš SZ-2002/01 |
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EVENT: Date
5/1/1982
- Date quality:Duration: 7 days |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
The jökulhlaup originated from the larger, eastern Skaftįr cauldron. Jökulhlaups from the subglacial cauldrons of Skaftįr flow a distance of 40 km beneath the outlet glaciers of Tungnaįrjökull and than Skaftįrjökull to the terminus where the water reaches river Skaftį. |
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Effects: |
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| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Peak discharge: 1140 m3/s (1077 m3/s without the base discharge). Total volume: 384 Gl.
Collection of meltwater since the last jökulhlaup: 12,1 Gl/month. |
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DAMAGES |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Zóphónķasson, Snorri, 2002 - Rennsli ķ Skaftįrhlaupum 1955-2002 Orkustofnun (National Energy Authority), Greinagerš SZ-2002/01 |
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EVENT: Date
17/9/1979
- Date quality:Duration: 6 days |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
The jökulhlaup originated from the larger, eastern Skaftįr cauldron. Jökulhlaups from the subglacial cauldrons of Skaftįr flow a distance of 40 km beneath the outlet glaciers of Tungnaįrjökull and than Skaftįrjökull to the terminus where the water reaches river Skaftį. |
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Effects: |
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| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Peak discharge: 1220 m3/s (1140 m3/s without the base discharge). Total volume: 346 Gl.
Collection of meltwater since the last jökulhlaup: 9,6 Gl/month. |
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DAMAGES |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Zóphónķasson, Snorri, 2002 - Rennsli ķ Skaftįrhlaupum 1955-2002 Orkustofnun (National Energy Authority), Greinagerš SZ-2002/01 |
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EVENT: Date
6/2/1977
- Date quality:Duration: 7 days |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
The jökulhlaup originated from the larger, eastern Skaftįr cauldron. Jökulhlaups from the subglacial cauldrons of Skaftįr flow a distance of 40 km beneath the outlet glaciers of Tungnaįrjökull and than Skaftįrjökull to the terminus where the water reaches river Skaftį. |
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Effects: |
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| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Peak discharge: 1160 m3/s (1108 m3/s without the base discharge). Total volume: 320 Gl.
Collection of meltwater since the last jökulhlaup: 11,4 Gl/month. |
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DAMAGES |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Zóphónķasson, Snorri, 2002 - Rennsli ķ Skaftįrhlaupum 1955-2002 Orkustofnun (National Energy Authority), Greinagerš SZ-2002/01 |
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EVENT: Date
29/12/1974
- Date quality:1974/1975, Duration: 5 days |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
The jökulhlaup originated from the larger, eastern Skaftįr cauldron. Jökulhlaups from the subglacial cauldrons of Skaftįr flow a distance of 40 km beneath the outlet glaciers of Tungnaįrjökull and than Skaftįrjökull to the terminus where the water reaches river Skaftį. |
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Effects: |
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| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Peak discharge: 1270 m3/s (1224 m3/s without the base discharge). Total volume: 306 Gl.
Collection of meltwater since the last jökulhlaup: 8,8 Gl/month. |
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DAMAGES |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Zóphónķasson, Snorri, 2002 - Rennsli ķ Skaftįrhlaupum 1955-2002 Orkustofnun (National Energy Authority), Greinagerš SZ-2002/01 |
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EVENT: Date
25/1/1970
- Date quality:Duration: 8 days |
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| Type: |
Glacier flood (contain both lakes and water pocket) |
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| Description |
The jökulhlaup originated from the larger, eastern Skaftįr cauldron. Jökulhlaups from the subglacial cauldrons of Skaftįr flow a distance of 40 km beneath the outlet glaciers of Tungnaįrjökull and than Skaftįrjökull to the terminus where the water reaches river Skaftį. |
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Effects: |
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| Deaths(#) |
0 |
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Injuried (#) |
0 |
| Note |
Peak discharge: 1380 m3/s (1226 m3/s without the base discharge). Total volume: 493 Gl.
Collection of meltwater since the last jökulhlaup: about 10 Gl/month. |
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DAMAGES |
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BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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Zóphónķasson, Snorri, 2002 - Rennsli ķ Skaftįrhlaupum 1955-2002 Orkustofnun (National Energy Authority), Greinagerš SZ-2002/01 |
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